Influenza A and B
Influenza is commonly referred to as “the flu”. The illness affects the person due to viruses that affect the respiratory tract of humans, animals and birds. In most cases, influenza leads to coughing, headache and fever. There is also a general feeling of malaise. Some individuals may also experience vomiting, diarrhea and soreness of the throat. Most individuals experience symptoms for 1 to 2 weeks and then recover. Influenza viruses could be categorized into three types; A B and C. Influenza type A and B are the cause of respiratory illnesses that occur commonly during the winter season. These generally occur as epidemics. Influenza type C generally leads to mild respiratory infection with hardly any symptoms. Most efforts are aimed at controlling the effects of influenza A and influenza B viruses. The influenza B virus leads to localized, smaller outbreaks.
Influenza viruses are released in the air through droplets expelled from the mouth and nose while sneezing, coughing and talking. These droplets may be inhaled directly by other individuals. The infection can also spread through contact with contaminated objects. The symptoms of influenza resemble those of the common cold. The individual may experience sneezing, nasal discharge and sore throat. Some of the other common symptoms of the flu include dry cough, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, sweating and chills. They may also be appetite loss, vomiting and diarrhea. It is important to see a doctor immediately if these symptoms are observed.
Treatment for influenza involves administration of antiviral medication. If such medication is given within the initial 48 hours, the severity of the symptoms reduces. In mild cases of influenza, simple bed rest and plenty of fluids is enough to alleviate the symptoms. The drugs which are usually used to treat influenza A and B aim to deactivate the production of an enzyme which aids in the growth of the virus. These medications are known to cause certain side effects such as nausea, vomiting, breathing trouble and appetite loss. An effective natural treatment for influenza is to place a cloth soaked in cold water on the forehead. Soaking in a bath of lukewarm water also helps to provide relief from flu. Ginger tea is beneficial in relieving the symptoms of the flu. One can prepare the ginger tea by adding a couple of pieces of ginger to boiling water. Another very popular remedy for flu is to consume a glass of warm milk to which a pinch of turmeric powder has been added.
